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First, you build a rocket. Then you ask it to leave Earth, fly to the moon, survive the trip and bring its spacecraft home. Simple, right? Well, not quite. World Space Week, observed every 4-10 October, celebrates the science that makes missions like this possible. The United Nations established the observance in 1999 to commemorate Sputnik 1's launch on 4 October 1957, and the entry into force of the Outer Space Treaty on 10 October 1967. This year's theme, 'Rocket Revolution,' focuses on the evolving technology driving space exploration.

Seen in today's image, Artemis I put plenty of that technology to work. On 16 November 2022, NASA launched an uncrewed Orion spacecraft aboard the Space Launch System from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, United States. Orion flew around the moon, covering about 2.3 million kilometres over 25.5 days. No astronauts climbed aboard this time. That was the point. Artemis I had one job: prove the system could make the journey before people took the next one.

Just off the coast of Corsica, France, the Sanguinaires Islands rise from the Mediterranean as a small archipelago of four rugged, rocky islands. Viewed from a historic watchtower, they sit at the entrance to the Gulf of Ajaccio. Steep cliffs, centuries-old landmarks and sweeping sea views have drawn visitors to the area for generations. Though the farthest island lies only about 1.9 kilometres from shore, the archipelago feels surprisingly remote, surrounded by open water and shaped by wind, waves and salt spray.

Visitors can reach Mezu Mare, the largest island, via authorised boat services and explore its designated footpaths. Elsewhere, protected habitats provide refuge for nesting seabirds and hardy Mediterranean plants adapted to dry, windswept conditions. A lighthouse on Mezu Mare stands as a reminder of the archipelago's long maritime history and strategic position at the entrance to the gulf. Today, the Sanguinaires Islands offer dramatic scenery, wildlife and traces of a rich seafaring heritage, creating one of Corsica's most memorable natural landscapes.

Something has clearly crossed a line. Off the coast of Mayotte in the Indian Ocean, this octopus has adopted a defensive posture that says: whatever is approaching should reconsider its life choices.

It's a warning octopuses can deliver with style. Instead of armour, they rely on transformation. Together, tiny muscular structures called papillae and pigment-filled chromatophore cells let them change colour, pattern and even skin texture within seconds. The result is an animal that can resemble rocks, coral, algae or shadows. It doesn't simply blend into its surroundings. It becomes them.

And camouflage is only the opening act. Octopuses can vanish in a cloud of ink, squeeze through openings barely larger than their beak, solve puzzles and explore with arms that contain most of their neurons. In a sense, each arm has a mind of its own. It truly is one of the ocean's great evolutionary oddities: three hearts, eight arms, blue blood. Nature really went off script with this one.

Today, October 8th, is Kandew, one of the twenty-four solar terms. The chill in the mornings and evenings increases, making it the time when autumn deepens. Autumn is often called the 'autumn of appetite,' with various foods like chestnuts, shiitake mushrooms, and autumn mackerel in season. And the image shows chestnuts, a representative of autumn flavors. Chestnuts are actually classified as vegetables, fruits, and nuts by definition. They have a long history, having been found in Jomon period ruins and have been involved in our diet since ancient times. Even today, chestnut rice and candied chestnuts are used in various dishes and sweets such as Mont Blanc and simmered with astringent skin, coloring the autumn dining table.

What if a forest could keep you guessing at every turn? At Puzzlewood, near Coleford in the Forest of Dean, England, winding paths lead through twisted trees, moss-covered rocks and deep stone ravines. Its unusual rock formations, known as scowles, are natural geological features that were exposed and modified over time and later exploited for iron ore mining during the Roman period and possibly earlier. In 1848, a worker discovered more than 3,000 Roman-era coins hidden in earthenware jars inside a rock cavity, turning the woodland into a real-life treasure hunt.

Around 2.4 kilometres of paths, wooden bridges and stone walkways guide visitors through the rugged landscape. Puzzlewood has also starred on screen, appearing in 'Star Wars: The Force Awakens,' 'Doctor Who,' 'Merlin' and 'Cursed.' Local lore links its gnarled trees and mysterious atmosphere to J.R.R. Tolkien's Middle-earth forests, although there is no definitive proof.

What if a mountain range could show you its geological history in stripes? At Zhangye National Geopark in China, the rocks do exactly that. Designated as a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2020, Zhangye is in Gansu, a region linked to the ancient Silk Road. Here, ridges roll across the landscape in bands of red, orange, yellow, brown and other earthy tones. Known as the Danxia landform, this striking landscape was shaped by layers of sedimentary rock deposited over geological time. Tectonic forces later lifted and folded these layers, while weathering and erosion carved them into ridges, cliffs, gullies and peaks.

The name Danxia literally translates to 'rosy clouds,' a fitting description of the landscape's vivid colours. These shades come from the rocks themselves, with minerals and chemical processes contributing to the different tones. Iron oxides, for instance, are responsible for much of the characteristic red colouring, while differences in mineral composition and sediment produce the broader palette.